Labor & Prime Cost Control

How To Calculate Restaurant Break Even Point

Fixed costs are climbing, but knowing your break-even sales keeps you ahead. Use 2025 numbers for rent, utilities, and prime costs to find the exact revenue target that covers bills without a loss.

Prime Cost

The short version

Divide your monthly fixed costs by (1 - variable cost percentage) to get break-even sales. For 2025, with $20,000 fixed and 60% variables, aim for $50,000 in monthly revenue to break even.

Break-even isn't profit—it's survival. Hit it consistently, and every dollar after covers debt or builds your buffer.

The real math: restaurant break-even formula

Skip the guesswork. Use this core formula with 2025 costs:

Break-even sales = Fixed costs ÷ (1 - Variable cost %)

  • Fixed costs: $15,000–$30,000/month (rent $5,000–$10,000, utilities $1,500–$3,000, insurance $1,000–$2,000, salaries $5,000–$10,000).
  • Variable costs: 55–65% of sales (prime costs: food 28–35%, labor 25–35%).
  • Example: $25,000 fixed ÷ (1 - 0.60) = $62,500 break-even sales.

Factor prime costs (food + labor) as your biggest variable—aim under 60% total to keep break-even realistic.

Factors that shift your break-even point in 2025

Costs aren't static—adjust for these to keep your number accurate:

1. Fixed cost creep

  • Rent hikes: +5–10% annually in urban spots.
  • Utilities/inflation: +8–12% on energy and supplies.
  • Minimum wage bumps: Add $2,000–$5,000 to base salaries.

2. Variable % swings

  • Food inflation: Beef/poultry up 4–7%, pushing food cost to 32–38%.
  • Labor efficiency: Overstaffing adds 5–10% to variables.
  • Seasonal sales: Winter dips raise effective break-even by 15–20%.

3. Concept and size

  • Small cafe (20 seats): $30,000–$40,000 break-even.
  • Full-service (100 seats): $80,000–$120,000/month.
  • Delivery-heavy: Add 10–15% variables for fees/packaging.

4. Hidden add-ons

  • Card fees: 2–3% of sales as "variable."
  • Waste/theft: +2–5% to food cost if unchecked.
  • Marketing/debt: Treat as fixed if consistent ($1,000–$3,000/month).

Quick break-even audit

Run this check monthly in under 15 minutes:

Step 1: List fixed costs

  • Tally rent, utilities, insurance, base payroll—use last 3 months' averages.
  • Ignore variables like hourly labor or food purchases.
  • Plug into our templates page for a simple tracking sheet.

Step 2: Calculate variable %

  • Prime costs ÷ sales from last P&L (target under 60%).
  • Adjust for trends: If food cost hit 35% last month, use that.

Step 3: Run and stress-test

  • Formula gives base break-even.
  • Add 10% buffer for slow weeks: $50,000 becomes $55,000 target.
  • Track weekly with our Prime Cost Calculator from calculators.

How to lower your break-even without cutting quality

A high break-even stresses cash flow—trim it smart:

  • Negotiate fixed. Shop insurance ($500–$1,000 savings/year) or sublet space.
  • Optimize variables. Cut food waste to drop cost 2–4%; schedule labor to sales for 3–5% savings.
  • Boost sales mix. Push high-margin items to lower effective variables by 5%.
  • Monitor weekly. Use tools to catch creeps before they raise break-even $5,000–$10,000/month.

Grab the Break Even Calculator from our calculators page to automate the math.

Where the RPS tools plug in

One-time calc is easy. Tracking as costs shift? Our stack handles it:

  • Prime Cost Calculator: Break down food + labor for accurate variable % in your formula.
  • Labor Cost Cheat Sheet: Optimize scheduling to keep variables under 30%.
  • Break Even Calculator: Plug in your numbers for instant scenarios and buffers.
  • Live Menu Engine service: We link costs to pricing for auto-adjusted break-even targets.

If you’re comparing DIY spreadsheets and live menu pricing to the big all-in-one restaurant platforms, our Us vs Them page breaks down why Restaurant Profit Systems is different.

For beginners, start with our fillable templates like the Labor Cost Cheat Sheet. Ready for pro-level? Dive into the calculators in The Vault.

Simple next step for this week

Pull last month's P&L. Run the formula with your fixed ($20,000?) and variables (62%?). If break-even is over 80% of average sales, trim $2,000 in fixed or 3% in variables now.

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FAQs

How do I calculate my restaurant's break-even point if fixed costs jumped to $25,000 this month?

Start by adding up all fixed costs like rent at $8,000, utilities at $2,500, and insurance at $1,200, then divide by your contribution margin (1 - 62% variable costs) to get $65,789 in required sales. Track this weekly to catch if rising utilities add another $500, pushing break-even up $1,316. Use our Break Even Calculator from the calculators page to run scenarios and set a $70,000 buffer for safety.

Why is my small restaurant's break-even sales over $40,000 when I only do $35,000 monthly?

High variables like 65% prime costs (35% food + 30% labor) mean your contribution margin is just 35%, so $15,000 fixed costs require $42,857 in sales to break even. Cut labor by 3% through better scheduling to drop variables to 62%, lowering break-even to $39,474. Grab the Labor Cost Cheat Sheet from templates to audit shifts and save $1,000–$2,000 monthly.

What should my break-even point be for a 50-seat restaurant with $20,000 fixed costs?

Aim for under $50,000 in break-even sales by keeping variables at 60% (food 30%, labor 30%), so $20,000 fixed ÷ 0.40 margin = $50,000 target. If sales average $45,000, trim fixed by negotiating rent down $1,000 to hit $47,500 break-even. Plug numbers into the Prime Cost Calculator on calculators to test adjustments and avoid $5,000 monthly shortfalls.

How can I lower my restaurant break-even point without raising menu prices?

Focus on variables: reduce food waste by 2% to save $800–$1,200 monthly, dropping overall variables from 63% to 61% and break-even from $54,054 to $51,282 on $20,000 fixed. Optimize labor with sales-based scheduling to cut 4 hours per shift, adding $500 in margin. Use the Menu Engine service to automate cost links and maintain a 38% contribution without manual tweaks.

If my restaurant prime costs are 58%, what's the break-even sales for $18,000 fixed expenses?

With 58% variables, your margin is 42%, so break-even is $18,000 ÷ 0.42 = $42,857 monthly sales. Monitor if food inflation pushes primes to 60%, raising break-even to $45,000—counter by updating portion controls to save 1–2%. Download the templates for a Prime Cost Tracking Sheet to log weekly and keep under $40,000 target.